Light scattering from nonequilibrium steady states

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Abstract
We consider light scattering from nonequilibrium steady states (NESS) where both density fluctuations (already studied by others) and orientational fluctuations are important scattering mechanisms. When orientational fluctuations are important, the possibilities for new NESS scattering experiments seem to multiply considerably. A theory is given for two promising new experiments: VH (vertical-horizontal) scattering in the presence of a sound wave and VH-VV (vertical-horizontal-vertical-vertical) interference, which vanishes identically in equilibrium.