Seasonal patterns of pasture seed loss to black field crickets (Teleogryllus commodus) and other invertebrates

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Abstract
Daily seed loss from lines of 17 different pasture seed types laid on a hill site was measured at monthly intervals from January to May 1978, and daily loss offour pasture seed types was measured at monthly intervals from October 1978 until December 1979 on an estuarine flatland site and on a second hill site. The black field cricket Teleogryllus commodus (Walker) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) was the most important invertebrate seed eater and was responsible for the high seed loss found between January and April, which reached a maximum of almost 100% in March at all three Northland sites. There was a significant correlation between seasonal seed loss and cricket pitfall trap catches. At one site seed loss was reduced by 93% in an area baited to exclude crickets. Field slugs (Deroceras (Agriolimax) reticulatum (Muller) and D. panormitanum (Lessona & Pollonera) (Stylommatophora: Limacidae)) caused low levels oflegume seed loss over the winter and early spring. Some minor seed loss was attributed to earthworms Allolobophora caliginosa (Savigny) and Lumbricus rubellus (Hoffmeister) (Opisthopora: Lumbricidae). The significance of the impact of crickets is discussed in relation to pasture damage.

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