Boron as an Essential Element for Healthy Growth of Citrus

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Abstract
Grown in water cultures containing Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, NO3, Cl, SO4, and PO4 in the following proportions (in parts per million) 7, 185, 159, 54, 1, 718, 10, 216, and 105, growth was poor, and there was noted a curling of the leaf along the midrib, accompanied by yellowing, a corky appearance of the veins, progressive (basipetal) fall of affected leaves, multiple bud formation, splitting of the bark of internodes, and gum flux through the splits in the bark. Addition of traces (0.2 p.p.m) of A1, I, Ti, Br, Sr, Li, Mn, NH3, and B, to the culture medium, avoided and corrected these symptoms and good growth was obtained. An attempt was made to determine which of the above 9 elements or radicals was effective in overcoming the deficiency by setting up a series of experiments in which all but 1 were present in each culture. In these experiments the omission of B was found responsible.

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