Mechanism for the harmonic peaks in the two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance correlation spectrum of liquid water

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Abstract
The harmonic peaks along the dimension in the two-dimensional COSY NMR spectrum of liquid water are analysed in terms of radiation damping line shape theory. In the case of strong radiation damping, during the evolution period the angle , which describes the deviation of the magnetization from the direction, becomes time-dependent and modulates the 2D free-induction decay in a complicated way. Thus multiple frequencies are introduced into the oscillation of , which is the 2D signal after 1D Fourier transformation with respect to . The harmonic peaks have been well simulated.