Estimating effective dose for a cardiac catheterisation procedure with single or double personal dosemeters

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Abstract
In most countries of the European Union legislation requires individual determination and registration of the dose to radiological workers exposed to ionising radiation to check whether dose limits are exceeded. To assess stochastic risk, ideally effective dose (E) should be known. In practice, personal dose equivalent [HP(10)] is used as it can be measured with a personal dosemeter. The dosemeter reading may provide a reasonable assessment of HP(10), but it may deviate strongly from E, in particular in radiology procedures for medical diagnosis or intervention when protective clothing like lead-equivalent apron and thyroid collar is worn. In the literature various correction factors and algorithms to convert readings of single or dual dosemeters to an estimate of E can be found. An illustrative example of a cardiac catheterisation procedure, in which dose calculations are made by Monte Carlo simulation of radiation transport, shows that such corrections may still yield considerable overestimation.