The mechanism of Klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogenase action. Pre-steady-state kinetics of an enzyme-bound intermediate in N2 reduction and of NH3 formation

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Abstract
The reduction of N2 to 2NH3 by K. pneumoniae nitrogenase was studied by a rapid-quench technique. The pre-steady state time course for N2H4, formed on quenching by the acid-induced hydrolysis of an enzyme-bound intermediate in N2 reduction, showed a 230 ms lag followed by a damped oscillatory approach to a constant concentration in the steady state. The pre-steady state time course for NH3 formation exhibited a lag of 500 ms and a burst phase that was essentially complete at 1.5 s, before a steady-state rate was achieved. These time courses were simulated by using a previously described kinetic model for the mechanism of nitrogenase action. A hydrazido(2-) structure (.dbd.N.sbd.NH2) is favored for the intermediate that yields N2H4 on quenching. The NH3-formation data indicate enzyme-bound metallo-nitrido (.tbd.N) or -imido (.dbd.NH) intermediates formed after N.sbd.N bond cleavage to produce the first molecule of NH3 and which subsequently give the 2nd molecule of NH3 by hydrolysis on quenching. The simulations require stoichiometric reduction of one N2 molecule at each Mo and the displacement of one H2 when N2 binds to the MoFe protein. Inhibition by H2 of N2-reduction activity occurs before the formation of the proposed hydrazido(2-) species, and is explained by H2 displacement of N2 at the active site.