EGFR Kinase Regulates Volume-sensitive Chloride Current Elicited by Integrin Stretch via PI-3K and NADPH Oxidase in Ventricular Myocytes

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Abstract
Stretch of β1 integrins activates an outwardly rectifying, tamoxifen-sensitive Cl− current (Cl− SAC) via AT1 receptors, NADPH oxidase, and reactive oxygen species, and Cl− SAC resembles the volume-sensitive Cl− current (ICl,swell). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase undergoes transactivation upon stretch, integrin engagement, and AT1 receptor activation and, in turn, stimulates NADPH oxidase. Therefore, we tested whether Cl− SAC is regulated by EGFR kinase signaling and is volume sensitive. Paramagnetic beads coated with mAb for β1 integrin were attached to myocytes and pulled with an electromagnet. Stretch activated a Cl− SAC that was 1.13 ± 0.10 pA/pF at +40 mV. AG1478 (10 μM), an EGFR kinase blocker, inhibited 93 ± 13% of Cl− SAC, and intracellular pretreatment with 1 μM AG1478 markedly suppressed Cl− SAC activation. EGF (3.3 nM) directly activated an outwardly rectifying Cl− current (0.81 ± 0.05 pA/pF at +40 mV) that was fully blocked by 10 μM tamoxifen, an ICl,swell blocker. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K) is downstream of EGFR kinase. Wortmannin (500 nM) and LY294002 (100 μM), blockers of PI-3K, inhibited Cl− SAC by 67 ± 6% and 91 ± 25% respectively, and the EGF-induced Cl− current also was fully blocked by LY294002. Furthermore, gp91ds-tat (500 nM), a cell-permeable, chimeric peptide that specifically blocks NADPH oxidase assembly, profoundly inhibited the EGF-induced Cl− current. Inactive permeant and active impermeant control peptides had no effect. Myocyte shrinkage with hyperosmotic bathing media inhibited the Cl− SAC and EGF-induced Cl− current by 88 ± 9% and 127 ± 11%, respectively. These results suggest that β1 integrin stretch activates Cl− SAC via EGFR, PI-3K, and NADPH oxidase, and that both the Cl− SAC and the EGF-induced Cl− currents are likely to be the volume-sensitive Cl− current, ICl,swell.