Bronchodilator Therapy

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Abstract
(Second of Two Parts)*MethylxanthinesMethylxanthines cause bronchodilatation in synergy with sympathomimetics and have been reviewed fully in this journal.23 , 24 Theophylline can be given by mouth or by rectum. However, its low solubility makes gastrointestinal absorption erratic, and its local irritative effect on the stomach causes nausea, vomiting and abdominal distress. High blood levels of theophylline can cause the same symptoms. Aminophylline, the ethylenediamine salt of theophylline, is 20 times more soluble and can be given intravenously as well as by mouth or by rectal suppository. The other main side effect of all the methylxanthines is excitation of the central . . .