Fish Oil Promotes Macrophage Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Mice

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Abstract
Objective— Fish oil (FO), and specifically omega 3 fatty acids, has favorable effects on cardiovascular outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of FO on the process of macrophage reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in an in vivo mouse model. Methods and Results— C57BL/6J mice were fed a FO diet, whereas control mice were fed diets containing alternative sources of fats, soybean oil (SO), and coconut oil (CO) for 4 weeks. Macrophage RCT was assessed by injecting [3H]cholesterol-labeled J774 macrophages intraperitoneally into mice. After 48 hours, tissues were harvested and feces were collected. An increase in the excretion of macrophage-derived [3H]-tracer recovered in fecal neutral sterols for FO-fed mice was observed (273% versus SO and 182% versus CO). FO also decreased [3H]-tracer in hepatic cholesteryl ester compared to SO and CO by 76% and 56%, respectively. To specifically determine the effect of FO on the fate of HDL-derived cholesterol, mice fed FO or SO diets were injected ... Fish oil (omega 3 fatty acids) has favorable effects on cardiovascular outcomes. We investigated the effects of fish oil on macrophage reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in an in vivo mouse model. FO promoted macrophage RCT, primarily by enhancement of the hepatic excretion of macrophage- and HDL-derived cholesterol.

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