Volume and Electrolyte Homeostasis During Antidiuresis

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Abstract
Normal rats were were given a 60-cc water load over a period of 12 hours. Antidiuresis due to administration of Pitressin tannate could be overcome by substituting the 60-cc water load with a 60-cc 2% sodium chloride solution or 4.2% urea solution. In animals with sodium retention resulting from previous sodium chloride restriction or short-term adrenalectomy, or both, antidiuresis with maintenance of homeostasis in regard to sodium chloride and water during a 60-cc volume load could be overcome only by making the volume load an approximate 4.2% urea solution. Administration of 60 cc of 2% sodium chloride solution to such animals resulted in pronounced increase in serum sodium and chloride concentrations, often with fatal outcome. Adrenalectomized rats have a decreased ability to perform tubular work in regard to reabsorption of water, as well as of solutes.