In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Clotrimazole (Bay b 5097)

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Abstract
The in vitro antifungal activity of clotrimazole (Bay b 5097) was compared with those of amphotericin B, griseofulvin, nystatin, and pyrrolnitrin. The inhibitory activity of clotrimazole against most systemic pathogens was comparable to that of amphotericin B; minimal inhibitory concentrations of the two drugs for Blastomyces dermatitidis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Sporothrix schenckii, Cryptococcus neoformans , and Coccidioides immitis were in the range of 0.20 to 3.13 and 0.10 to 6.25 μg/ml, respectively. One isolate of Allescheria boydii was resistant to 100 μg of amphotericin B per ml but was inhibited by 6.25 μg of clotrimazole per ml. Clotrimazole was less active than amphotericin B against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus . The activity of clotrimazole against dermatophytes was comparable to that of pyrrolnitrin; 0.78 μg of either compound per ml was fungicidal for most isolates of Trichophyton sp., Microsporum sp. and Epidermophyton floccosum . Both griseofulvin and nystatin were less active than clotrimazole. The size of inoculum was shown to have a significant effect on the results of in vitro susceptibility testing with clotrimazole.