Retention Behavior of Triglycerides in Octadecyl Packed Subcritical Fluid Chromatography with CO2/Modifier Mobile Phases

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Abstract
A study of the retention behavior of vegetable oil triglycerides was carried out in subcritical fluid chromatography (SubFC) with CO2/modifier mobile phases. Analyses of 15 oils have enabled us to set up a retention diagram which includes ∼30 triglycerides. This diagram establishes a relation between triglyceride series retention and their unsaturation number. Furthermore, another relationship between retention and the triglyceride carbon number was studied. The retention properties were identical with those reported in nonaqueous reversed-phase liquid chromatography or in SubFC with neat CO2: the linearity of these relationships and retention order that follows the partition number. Moreover, specific effects of modifier on these relationships or on retention variations were observed. Using octadecyl packed columns, these particular behaviors underline that the compound solubility is different between modified subcritical phases and nonaqueous liquid phases. Finally, these behaviors can be useful to increase the triglyceride separation and the previous relationships can be applied to improve the identification of unknown triglycerides.