Phase Stability, Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of the Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 Ternary Ceramic Materials

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Abstract
The crystal structure and electrical properties of x ]r m P b(S c 1/2 N b 1/2)O 3– y P b(Z n 1/3 N b 2/3)O 3– z P b T i O 3 (PSZNT 100x/100y/100z) ternary ceramic materials have been systematically investigated. Stable perovskite-phase ceramics are obtained with less than 20 mol% of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 and more than 50 mol% of PbTiO3. Piezoelectric properties were found to peak at PSZNT 31/40/29, where the electromechanical coupling factor k p is 60%. The dielectric constant is 2,020, and Curie temperature (T c) is 222 °C. An interesting property of PSZNT is a nonlinear T c change in terms of the composition. T c decreases with increasing PbTiO3 content in the range 0.3>z>0 and then increases with z>0.3. This nonlinear change in T c is explained as a site preference of Zn ions in the PSZNT system.