Factors Influencing the Rates of Long-Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation and Synthesis in Mammalian Systems

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Abstract
The author discusses physiological and biochemical factors influencing the rates of fatty acid metabolism by mammalian tissues under the following topics (1) Portion of energy expenditure derived from lipid oxidation (extrahepatic fat oxidation; estimates of preferential substrate utilization by man under basal conditions); (2) Fatty acid metabolism by individual organs (cardiac and skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, mammary gland, brain and nervous tissue, liver); (3) Enzymes of lipid metabolism (fatty acid oxidase spiral, lipogenesis, differences in metabolism of long-chain and short-chain fatty acids); (4) Glucose-sparing action on fatty acid metabolism (ketolysis versus antiketogenesis, glucose and the restriction of fatty acid oxidation, site of glucose action in vivo and in vitro on lipid metabolism); (5) Effects of choline and carnitine on fatty acid oxidation. (6) Control of rates of lipid metabolism (tissue hierarchy, regulation of fatty acid oxidation, regulation of lipogenesis). He cites 501 references.

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