Comparison of Freeze–Dried Bone Allograft and Porous Hydroxylapatite in Human Periodontal Defects

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Abstract
THIS STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO CLINICALLY compare the efficacy of freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) and porous hydroxylaptite granules. Nineteen pairs of intraosseous defects were grafted in seven patients. One defect of each pair was implanted with FDBA, the other with granular porous hydroxylapatite. Matching defects were treated similarly in all other aspects. Evalautions were based on both preoperative and postoperative measurements from a fixed refernce point, standardized radiographs, surgical osseous measurments, and histology of degranulated tissues. Grafted sites were reentered 6 to 11 months postsurgery. Results showed a mean osseous fill of 2.1 mm for FDBA versus 1.3 mm for granular porous hydroxylapatite (P = .07). A mean clinical attachment gain of 2.2 mm for FDBA versus 1.3 mm for granular porous hydroxylapatite (P < .05), and a mean decrease in probing depths of 3.0 mm for FDBA verses 1.4 mm for granular porous hydroxylapatite (P < 0.05) was found. FDBA was clinically indistinguishable from host bone, whereas porous hydroxylapatite appeared to be separated from host bone by soft tissue. The data and clinical findings suggested that FDBA may have some enhanced reparative potential when compared to granular porous hydroxylapatite in the treament of periodontal defects in humans.

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