The use of the open spherical resonator as the sampling cavity in a microwave radio refractometer

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Abstract
Details are given of measurements made on open spherical X-band resonators suitable for use as the sampling cavity in a microwave radio refractometer. The resonators, with dimensions comparable to a wavelength, have loaded Q's in the region of 104. A resonator, constructed of brass spherical reflectors and silica spacing rods resonating at 10.5 GHz, has a temperature coefficient of 0.5 N units/ degrees C and an open area to volume ratio of 1 cm-1. Results indicate that this resonator, because of its relatively large open area, allows a much faster change of atmospheric content than the conventional TE011 resonator with open end plates.

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