Influence of diet on the acyl composition of phospholipids in endothelial cells and mitochondria of rat brain

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Abstract
The effect of diet on phospholipid acyl groups of rat brain endothelial cells and mitochondria and of liver was determined. Rats were fed high-protein diets with a 4∶1 linoleate/linolenate ratio but with 4.4%, 1.9%, or 0.8% of the caloric content provided by these essential fatty acids (cal % EFA) or were fed a fat-free diet. In capillary endothelial cells the greatest change occurred in the plasmalogen ethanolamine fraction, there being a significant reduction in then-3 series of acyl groups and increase in then-9 series as the cal % EFA was reduced. Other phospholipid fractions changed little. More pronounced changes occurred in brain mitochondria and liver phospholipids. The small changes in capillary endothelia with cal % EFA are in contrast to the great changes produced by a change in the linoleate/linolenate ratio. As the ratio is reduced, there is a progressive increase in then-3 series in all phospholipid fractions.