Synergism of Carbamate Insecticides Against Cabbage Looper and Beet Armyworm Larvae1

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Abstract
Piperonyl butoxide and Monsanto 16226 (bis (2,3,3,3-tetra-chloropropyl) ether) were tested as synergists in combination with Sevin® (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate), Hercules 5727 (m-iso-propylphenyl N-methylcarbamate) and Zectran® (4-dimethylamino-8,5-xylyl N-methylearbamate). In 1: 1 mixtures with piperonyl butoxide, tested against larvae of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni(Hübner), Sevin was potentiated 10.3-fold, Hercules 5727, 2.6-fold, and Zedran, not at all. Against larvae of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), Sevin and Zeetran were potentiated 4.4-fold and 1.2-fold, respectively. An increase in the ratio of piperonyl butoxide to carbamate gencrally provided a corresponding increase of potentiation against the cabbage looper. Monsanto 16226, with a relatively high innate toxicity against both species, was not considered as efficient a synergist as piperonyl butoxide.