Charge-spin separation and the ground-state wave function of the one-dimensional t-J model

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Abstract
A simple picture for decoupling the charge and spin degrees of freedom is proposed and used to discuss the properties of the ground-state wave function of the one-dimensional t-J model. In the limit of J/t≪1 or δ≪1 we show that the ground state of the t-J model is well approximated by a wave function where the charge and spin degrees of freedom are separated: the spin degree of freedom is described by a ‘‘squeezed’’ Heisenberg model, where all the vacant sites are omitted and the charge degrees of freedom are described by a spinless-fermion Hamiltonian with nearest-neighbor attractive interactions.