Antioxidant Properties of Bran Extracts from “Akron” Wheat Grown at Different Locations

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Abstract
Bran extracts of Akron wheat grown at four nonirrigated and one irrigated testing locations were examined and compared for their free radical scavenging properties against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) and the radical cation ABTS•+, chelating capacities, and total phenolic content (TPC) to determine the potential effects of environmental factors on the antioxidant properties of hard winter wheat. The environmental factors included total solar radiation, average daily solar radiation, and number of hours exceeding 32 °C. The results showed that bran samples from different growing locations may significantly differ in their radical scavenging activities against both DPPH• and ABTS•+, chelating capacities, and TPC. A significant negative correlation was detected between the chelating activities of the bran samples from the four nonirrigated locations and total solar or daily average solar radiation (r = −0.999 and P = 0.001). These data suggest potential influences of growing conditions on the antioxidant properties of hard winter wheat and the possibility of producing wheat that is strong in a selected antioxidant property by optimizing the growing conditions of a selected wheat variety. More research is required to further investigate the relationship among antioxidant properties and environmental factors using different wheat varieties and larger sample sizes. Keywords: Wheat; barn; radical scavenging; antioxidant; phenolic; chelating; ABTS•+; DPPH