Probing local leakage current and ferroelectricity of Pb(Zr0.53, Ti0.47)O3/YBa2Cu3O7−x heterostructure by a modified atomic force microscope

In this letter we present an investigation on probing leakage current and ferroelectricity of ${\mathrm{Pb(Zr, Ti)O}}_{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{(PZT)/YBa}}_{\mathrm{2}}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{O}}_x$ heterostructure using a modified atomic force microscopy. Inhomogeneities of leakage current and ferroelectric properties were concurrently mapped and quantitatively studied on a nanometer scale. It shows that microscopically the leakage current can be described by a model based on space-charge-limited current.