Electric-field effects on shallow impurity states in GaAs-(Ga,Al)As quantum wells

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Abstract
The influence of an applied electric field on shallow donor and acceptor states in GaAs-(Ga,Al)As quantum wells is studied. We work within the effective-mass approximation and adopt a trial envelope wave function for the impurity carrier, which leads to the exact results for vanishing applied electric fields and limiting values of the quantum-well thickness. Results for the binding energies and density of impurity states as functions of the impurity position, well thicknesses, and applied electric field are reported. Some results for the effects of electric field on the donor-related optical properties are also presented. As a general feature, the density of impurity states and impurity-related optical absorption for finite electric fields exhibit three van Hove–like singularities corresponding to the binding energies associated with impurities at the two edges of the quantum well and at the position at which the binding energy has a maximum.