Hypercholesterolemia and Hyper-α-Lipoproteinemia in Schoolchildren

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Abstract
Elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (C-HDL) can explain apparent hypercholesterolemia in some children, and high C-HDL levels may aggregate in families. Kindreds [17] were identified by virtue of hypercholesterolemic proband children whose hypercholesterolemia was accounted for by elevated C-HDL levels. Family lipid and lipoprotein sampling revealed 3-generation vertical appearance of elevated C-HDL level in 2 kindreds, and 2-generation vertical appearance in 8 additional kindreds. Since C-HDL level is inversely associated with coronary heart disease in adults, it is important to quantitate C-HDL and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (C-LDL) in hypercholesterolemic children and to identify those with putatively reduced risk (elevated C-HDL level) or increased risk (elevated C-LDL level).