Surface Characterization of Stainless Steel Using Proton-Induced X Rays
- 1 June 1972
- journal article
- research article
- Published by AIP Publishing in Applied Physics Letters
- Vol. 20 (11) , 411-413
- https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1653995
Abstract
Proton‐induced characteristic X rays (1–10 keV) have been used to study, in situ, the alloy composition of 304L stainless steel surfaces as a function of the vacuum annealing temperature. Effects of 15‐min isochronal vacuum anneals between 700 and 1450°K were determined by probing to depths of about 1 μm with 150‐ to 400‐keV protons. In particular, chromium depletion was significant above 1200°K. For 200‐keV protons, the Cr(Kα)/Fe(Kα) ratio decreased from about 0. 8 for 700–1200°K to 0. 19 at 1450°K; this corresponds to a decrease in the chromium content from 19 to about 6 wt%.Keywords
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