Caregiver Involvement in the Use of Assistive Devices by Frail Older Persons

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Abstract
The population of persons over age 65 years is increasing, and with this trend there is an increase in number of older persons with disabilities, or frail elders. The importance of supportive environments for home-based frail elders has been recognized. Supportive environments include the presence of family caregivers and appropriate assistive devices. Assistive devices (AD) offer the potential to decrease frail elder's need for personal assistance, and could reduce some of the burden expressed by caregivers. The inclusion of family caregivers in treatment planning and its implementation is a component of occupational therapy practice. Occupational therapists are also recognized as the lead professional in the provision of most assistive devices. However, there has been little research on the involvement of family caregivers in the use of assistive devices. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between caregiver involvement and the use of, and satisfaction with, assistive devices by frail elders. Interviews regarding assistive devices were conducted with 20 frail, cognitively intact elders who had a primary caregiver in their homes. Results indicate that elders regard assistive devices as very useful in saving time, conserving energy, reducing frustration, and providing a feeling of security. Caregivers were involved in the use of assistive devices when the device was first acquired (early caregiver involvement) and made suggestions for using the devices. They also encouraged, instructed, and assisted with the use of devices later, as necessary. There was a relationship between early caregiver involvement and involvement at the time of the interview (later caregiver involvement). Verbal encouragement and caregiver's use of assistive devices to help perform tasks were strongly associated with both device use and satisfaction. The results reinforce the importance of caregiver involvement with assistive devices used by frail older persons.