Influence of Impurities on Carrier Removal and Annealing in Neutron-Irradiated Silicon

Abstract
The influence of impurities on carrier removal and annealing has been investigated in neutron-irradiated silicon in the resistivity range from 0.5 to 50 ohm-cm. Carrier removal rates in n-type material are strongly dependent upon the crystal growth method and are lower in Czochralski-grown (oxygen containing) material than in material grown by the vacuum-float-zone or LOPEX techniques. A slight dependence of the removal rate on the dopant impurity is observed in vacuum-float-zone material but not in Czochralski-grown material. The annealing behavior of n-type material is also very crystal growth dependent. An annealing stage located between approximately 144°C and 170° C is observed in vacuum-float-zone and LOPEX-grown material but not in material grown by the Czochralski method. The location of the stage is dependent upon the dopant impurity. Carrier removal at room temperature in p-type material is not influenced by the growth method or the dopant impurity. However, dopant effects are observed upon annealing.