Abstract
When a hydraulic servo controls the position of a load the force required to move the load is produced by a pressure drop across the actuator. This pressure drop decreases that available to drive fluid through the control ports of the valve with the result that the speed of response is reduced. This paper examines the effects of various types of load on the dynamic behaviour of the system for both step and sinusoidal input signals. Analytical solutions to most of the response equations are obtained but graphical methods are occasionally used. When an inertial load is present it has been found necessary to consider the step response in the velocity-displacement or ‘phase’ plane.

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