Electrochromatographic evaluation of a silica monolith capillary column for separation of basic pharmaceuticals

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Abstract
A silica‐based monolithic capillary column was prepared via a sol‐gel process. The continuous skeleton and large through‐pore structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The native silica monolith has been successfully employed in the electrochromatographic separation of β‐blockers and alkaloids extracted from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Column efficiencies greater than 250 000 plates/m for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) separation of basic compounds were obtained. It was observed that retention of basic pharmaceuticals on the silica monolith was mainly contributed by a cation‐exchange mechanism. Other retention mechanisms including reversed‐phase and normal‐phase mechanisms and electrophoresis of basic compounds also played a role in separation. A comparison of the differences between CEC and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separation was also discussed.

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