X-ray-Raman scattering from the oxygenKedge in liquid and solidH2O

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Abstract
Inelastic x-ray scattering from oxygen 1s electrons in liquid and solid water were recorded up to 200 eV above the onset of the O K edge. The partial radial distribution function that characterizes the local environment of oxygen in the water/ice system was determined. Good agreement is found between the resulting partial distribution function for liquid water and that obtained from elastic neutron scattering. In the near-edge region distinct differences between the solid and liquid states are observed which arise form differences in the local structural and electronic environment of the oxygen atoms. The method thus promises a degree of insight into details of hydrogen bonding interactions.