The Prospects for and Pathways toward a Vaccine for AIDS

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Abstract
ACQUIRED immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a severe disease of the immune system caused by a horizontally transmitted retrovirus. Although this virus has been given several names, including lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV),1 , 2 immunodeficiency-associated virus (IDAV),3 human T-cell lymphotropic virus Type III (HTLV-III),4 and AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV),5 it is referred to as HTLV-III/LAV in this discussion. This virus preferentially infects lymphocytes of the T helper subset and destroys them, leaving the host unable to cope with a variety of infectious and neoplastic diseases.6 The clinical syndrome AIDS is the most severe clinical manifestation of HTLV-III/LAV infection, but there appears to be a wide . . .