Numerical Taxonomy of some Yellow-pigmented Bacteria Isolated from Plants

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Abstract
Phenetic data on over 60 heterotrophic, gram-negative, yellow chromogenic bacteria from plant material were collected and analyzed using numerical taxonomic methods. Marker strains representing 42 taxa were included in the analyses. At similarity levels of 80% or above, 4 distinct clusters were obtained, the first 4 of which included yellow chromogens. Cluster 1 contained isolates from green healthy leaves of Agrostis tenuis, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne and Poa pratensis, and clusters 2 and 3 consisted of isolates from H. lanata seeds and leaves of P. pratensis, respectively. Cluster 4 contained 7 subgroups and was equated with the family Enterobacteriaceae. Erwinia herbicola strains from a variety of sources formed a homogeneous subgroup, readily distinguishable from authentic strains of E. amylovora, E. carotovora, other representative erwiniae and from all other enterobacteria studied. The heterogeneous nature of yellow-pigmented bacteria from plants is emphasized. The inclusion of E. herbicola and other Erwinia spp. in the Enterobacteriaceae is supported.