Effect of Egg Passage on the Reaction Between HVJ (Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan) and Chicken Erythrocytes

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Abstract
Summary: When HVJ (hemagglutinating virus of Japan, Sendai virus) was passaged serially in the allantoic cavity of the chick embryo, the virus underwent a gradual change in its reactivity with chicken erythrocytes. On first transfer to chick embryos from mice, HVJ was adsorbed less efficiently and eluted at a faster rate from chicken erythrocytes than did the later passage virus. Elution of the early passage virus took place at 20°C but the later passage virus scarcely eluted at this temperature. This change, from M (mouse adapted) phase to E (egg adapted) phase, was associated with changes in the growth rate in the allantoic cavity of the chick embryo and in the adsorption rate to cells of the allantoic membrane, cultivated mouse lung cells or mouse red blood cells. The adsorption behavior of the virus onto chicken or mouse red blood cells was similar to that observed with the host cells from each species. The change of virus was observed readily when passage was made with undiluted seed, or less readily, when passaged with 10-3 dilution seed, whereas the virus retained the original form by repeated passages at the limiting infective dilution. The typical M and E phase virus could be isolated from virus which appeared to be of intermediate type. The nature of this variation was discussed in the light of the results obtained.