Characterization of the Lacto Series of Gangliosides, Especially of Disialo-Lacto-N-Norhexaosyl Ceramide Isolated from Adult Bovine Nasal Cartilage

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Abstract
A disialosylganglioside was isolated from adult bovine nasal cartilage, and its structure was determined by analysis of sugar composition, permethylation analysis, exoglycosidase treatment, and mild acid hydrolysis. The structure of this ganglio-side was identified as disialo-lacto-N-norhexaosyl ceramide, NeuNAc(α2–8)NeuNAc-(α2–3)Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc(β1–3)Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc(β1–3)Gal(1–4)Glc(1–1)Cer. Furthermore, we also isolated from this cartilage gangliosides whose structures were presumed to be monosialo-lacto-N-norhexaosyl ceramide, and mono- and disialo-lacto-N-neotetraosyl ceramide. The major fatty acids of the four gangliosides isolated were palmitic, stearic, behenic and lignoceric acids. The predominant long chain bases were sphingenine, heptadecasphingenine and hexadecasphingenine.