Vitamin B12 Kinetics in Man. Implications on total-body-B12-determinations, human requirements, and normal and pathological cellular B12 uptake

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Abstract
During 1957-1962 the routes and rates of B12 excretion were studied by faecal and whole-body counter techniques, and long-term studies of plasma clearance performed. In the present analysis, the equations of the experimental curves were obtained with an analogue computer, and the simplest compatible model selected. The equations were solved mathematically for a particular model and hence, using Berman and Schoenfeld's method, all other possible models were calculated. Finally, the time curves for radioactivities in experimentally inaccessible pools were generated with the computer. Three pools were required, one apparently intracellular (containing over 99% of the body-B12), one extracellular B12, and the third unidentified. In this model, therefore, B12 is assumed to have at least an approximately uniform turnover rate in most of the intracellular pool. The present method can be used to measure total body content of B12, which was found to be 303 mg in the subjects studied. The physiological loss of B12, was calculated to be 12 μg/day, and the relations of this figure to B12 requirements in man were discussed. Preliminary results in pernicious anaemia indicate a decreased cellular uptake of B12.