Nutrition carbonée et étude taxonomique de Bacillus megaterium et B. cereus

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Abstract
Ten of the 14 strains of Bacillus cereus studied were isolated from pasteurized soil samples by a new selective technique which consists of the use of anaerobic enrichment cultures in peptone medium containing 0.5% KNO3. The 19 strains of B. megaterium use the following 21 sources of carbon and energy: D-glucose, D-galactose, D-fructose, D-mannose, D-glucosamine, D-gluconate, D-ribose, sucrose, cellobiose, maltose, raffinose, D-mannitol, glycerol, glycerate, pyruvate, fumarate, trans-aconitate, DL-aspartate, asparagine, L-glutamate, and L-glutamine. The 14 strains of B. cereus use the following 11 compounds: D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, D-glucosamine, D-ribose, maltose, trehalose, glycerol, acetate, pyruvate, and L-glutamine. The eight strains of B. cereus var. mycoides use the following nine compounds: D-glucose, salicin, D-ribose, cellobiose, maltose, trehalose, glycerol, acetate, and pyruvate. Numerical taxonomy based on 151 characters shows that the 41 strains form two distinct groups. Group A includes the 19 strains of B. magateriurn; group B includes the 14 strains of B. cereus and the 8 strains of B. cereus var. mycoides. The guanine + cytosine content of the DNA of each strain was determined. The following mean values were obtained: B. megaterium, 40.6% ± 0.8; B. cereus, 38% ± 0.9; B. cereus var. mycoides, 38.4% ± 1.1.