Effect of Acetazolamide on Citrate Excretion and Formation of Renal Calculi

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Abstract
ÖSTBERG,1 in 1931, suggested that the citric acid in urine functions to keep relatively insoluble calcium salts in solution. Since that time evidence has accumulated that in man the urinary citrate-calcium balance is an important mechanism for preventing the development of calcium calculi in the urinary tract.2 3 4 5 Additional evidence substantiating this concept has recently been provided by Harrison and Harrison.6 These investigators found that the urinary excretion of citrate was markedly reduced in rats that had been fed acetazolamide (Diamox). Furthermore, precipitation of calcium salts in the urinary tract of these animals was a striking finding.Recently, we have had . . .