Mast cell receptors controlling histamine release: Influences on the mode of action of drugs used in the treatment of adverse drug reactions
- 1 September 1982
- journal article
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of Molecular Medicine
- Vol. 60 (17) , 1031-1038
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01716967
Abstract
In drug-induced allergic diseases of the immediate type (anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions), the primary target cells are tissue mast cells, which discharge their granular content upon interaction with different secretagogues (immunological releasers; histamine liberators) on specific plasma membrane receptors. Experiments are reviewed here which report that IgE-mediated histamine release from mast cells, and the secretion of histamine induced by non-immunological secretagogues (dextran; compound 48/80; acetylcholine) are blocked by beta-adrenoceptor and H2-receptor agonists, their inhibiting effect being surmountable by beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs and by anti-H2-antihistamines. Specific radioligands ([3H]-dihydroalprenolol; [3H]-cimetidine) binding to rat mast cell membranes points to the possibility that inhibition of histamine release is brought about by the activation of mast cell beta-adrenoceptors and H2-receptors. Drugs used in therapy of anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions may act either on tissue receptors, competing with released mediators, or by inhibiting the release of allergic mediators from mast cells, on activation of specific receptors located in mast cell plasma membranes. In Arzneimittel induzierten allergischen Reaktionen des Soforttyps (anaphylaktische und anaphylaktoide Reaktionen) sind die primären Zielzellen die Mastzellen der Gewebe, die ihren granulären Inhalt nach Wechselwirkung verschiedener Freisetzer (immunologische Freisetzer, Histaminliberatoren) mit spezifischen Plasmamembranrezeptoren abgeben. Die hier beschriebenen Experimente zeigen, daß die IgE-mediierte Histaminfreisetzung aus Mastzellen und die Histaminausschüttung durch nichtimmunologische Stimulantien (Dextran, Verbindung 48/80, Acetylcholin) durch Beta-adrenozeptor und H2-rezeptoragonisten gehemmt werden kann. Diese Effekte werden durch Beta-adrenozeptor blockierende Agentien und durch H2-Rezeptorantagonisten wieder aufgehoben. Bindungsversuche mit spez. Radioisotopen ([3H]-Dihydroalprenolol, [3H]-Cimetidin) an Rattenmastzellmembranen legen die Vermutung nahe, daß die Hemmung der Histaminfreisetzung durch die Aktivierung der Mastzellbetarezeptoren und H2-Rezeptoren vermittelt wird. Arzneimittel zur Therapie anaphylaktischer und anaphylaktoider Reaktionen können also entweder durch Konkurierung mit freigesetzten Mediatoren auf Geweberezeptoren wirken oder aber durch Hemmung der Freisetzung allergischer Mediatoren aus Mastzellen über die Aktivierung spezifischer Rezeptoren in der Plasmamembran der Mastzellen.Keywords
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