Effect of delayed blood processing on the yield of factor VIII in cryoprecipitate and factor VIII concentrate

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Abstract
Current standards for the preparation of factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates from human plasma recommend separation of plasma from red cells (RBCs) within 6 hours of blood donation, thereby reducing the volume of plasma from donated whole blood available for processing to FVIII concentrate. The decay of FVIII clotting activity (FVIII:C) in whole blood and plasma stored at 22 and 4°C and the recovery of FVIII:C in cryoprecipitate and FVIII concentrate prepared from plasma separated from whole blood stored overnight at 4°C were investigated. In whole blood stored at 22°C and plasma stored at either 4 or 22°C, 90 percent of the original FVIII:C was present at 6 hours, 80 percent at 12 hours, and 65 to 70 percent at 18 hours. At these times lower levels of FVIII:C were recovered from whole blood stored at 4°C, that is, 84, 68, and 56 percent, respectively. In cryoprecipitates prepared from plasma separated from RBCs after 18 hours' storage at 4°C (18-hour plasma), 43 percent of FVIII:C activity was recovered, as compared with 61 percent recovered from standard plasma separated within 6 hours of donation (6- hour plasma), p < 0.05. With large-scale preparation of FVIII concentrates, however, the yield of FVIII:C was similar whether 18- or 6-hour plasma was used. Thus FVIII concentrates-but not cryoprecipitates-can be prepared from plasma separated from whole blood stored at 4°C for up to 18 hours without undue loss of potency.