Cervical Carcinoma Antigen, Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), and Nonspecific Cross-Reacting Antigen (NCA) in Appraisal of Uterine Cervix Smears

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Abstract
The distribution of cervical carcinoma antigens (AgCaCx), CEA, and NCA in different pathologic states of the uterine cervix was studied in cytologic smears by an immunofluorescence method (IF) using specific immune sera against perchloric acid (PCA) extract of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, anti-CEA, and anti-NCA. After excluding cross-reactivity with CEA and NCA, the presence of AgCaCx was demonstrated in the majority of cervical carcinomas, severe dysplasias, and only in one-fourth of squamous metaplasias, especially when accompanied by mild or moderate dysplasias. The intensity and percentage of IF-positive cells varied from case to case. The preparations of uterine cervix without pathologic changes usually were negative. Similar results were obtained with anti-CEA serum. NCA was present in the majority of smears independent of histologic diagnosis. The most intense fluorescence was observed in upper layers of the epithelium. NCA could be a differentiation antigen of stratified squamous cell epithelium.