Renal Hemodynamic Effects of Hypertonic Mannitol Infusions.

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Abstract
Summary The effects of intravenous administration of 5 ml/min of a 20% mannitol solution to operated anesthetized dogs was investigated. In normotensive animals the infusion resulted in a prompt fall in the extraction ratio of PAH, an increase in renal blood flow, and a reduction in glomerular filtration rate. In dogs made hypotensive by bleeding, administration of the mannitol solution, either prevented the marked renal vasoconstriction usually accompanying hemorrhagic hypotension, or restored renal blood flow and to a lesser extent glomerular filtration rate toward control values. The observed effects of the infusion are believed to be the result of renal vasodilation, especially of the efferent arterioles. The mechanism whereby hypertonic mannitol infusion produces this effect is unknown. It is suggested that it operates by blocking humoral vasoconstriction that accompanies anesthesia, trauma, or hemorrhage.

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