Techniques for measuring longitudinal strain in optical fibers

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Abstract
The measurement of longitudinal strain of optical fibers using several optical techniques is discussed. A review of the optical principles used to design each system is included. Each technique is based upon directly or indirectly measuring the change in the transit time of an optical signal injected into the test fiber. Equations are provided relating strain to the change in fiber transit time. Examples of calibration results and cable tests are given.