Nutrition carbonée et étude taxonomique de Bacillus subtilis et B. licheniformis

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Abstract
All 14 strains of B. subtilis can use the following 17 sources of C and energy: D-glucose, D-mannose, D-glucosamine, salicin, D-ribose, maltose, sucrose, cellobiose, trehalose, arbutin, starch, mannitol, glycerol, glycerate, pyruvate, fumarate and L-proline. All 15 strains of B. licheniformis can use the following 41 sources of C and energy: D-glucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, D-fructose, D-glucosamine, .alpha.-methyl-D-glucoside, .beta.-methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, D-gluconate, saccharate, D-xylose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-ribose, maltose, sucrose, cellobiose, melibiose, trehalose, arbutin, raffinose, starch, inulin, mannitol, D-sorbitol, glycerol, glycerate, citrate, L-malate, D-malate, mucate, pyruvate, fumarate, .alpha.-L-alanine, .alpha.-D-alanine, asparagine, L-glutamate, L-arginine, DL-ornithine, L-proline and 4-amino-n-butyrate. The 29 strains form 2 distinct groups. Group A includes the 15 strains of B. licheniformis and 2 strains of B. subtilis; group B is formed of 11 strains of B. subtilis; the remaining strain of B. subtilis belongs to neither group. B. licheniformis is a more homogeneous species than B. subtilis. The percentage of guanine + cytosine in the DNA of all 29 strains was determined. In the 14 strains of B. subtilis the average is 46.3% .+-. 1.5. In the 15 strains of B. licheniformis the average is 46.4% .+-. 0.9.