Morphology of Si nanowires synthesized by high-temperature laser ablation

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Abstract
Silicon nanowires have been synthesized by laser ablation of Si powder targets at 1200 °C. Transmission electron microscopy study showed that most Si nanowires had smooth surfaces and nearly the same diameter of about 16 nm. Beside the most abundant smooth-surface nanowires, four other forms of nanowires, named spring-shaped, fishbone-shaped, frog-egg-shaped, and necklace-shaped nanowires, were observed. The formation of nanowires into different shapes was explained by the two-step growth model based on the vapor–liquid–solid mechanism.