IN VITRO ADSORPTION OF POLIOVIRUS BY NONCULTURED TISSUES

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Abstract
Noncultured minces and homogenates of mouse, monkey and human tissues were studied for ability to absorb poliovirus, Type 1. Plaque assay in HEp No. 2 cells was used for quantitation. Brain, muscle, heart, gut, testis and lung, but not the erythrocytes, of rhesus monkeys actively adsorbed virus. Receptor activity was destroyed by heating at 56[degree]C, by ether and by trypsin. Similar preparations of liver, brain, gut, amnion and skin of human fetus (3 months gestation), of tonsil tissues, of adult human carcinoma tissues from rectum, breast and stomach, and of HEp cells also possessed heat labile poliovirus adsorbing factors. Human term amnion tissues, tested as mince, homo-genate or trypsinized cells, did not adsorb virus; homogenate of term amnion did not block virus adsorption by HEp cells. Study of many other human tissues was impeded by the presence of heat stabile poliovirus antibody. Analogous mouse tissues were devoid of poliovirus ad-sorptive capacity. The distribution of poliovirus adsorptive activity in the tissues of various species may be of prime importance in explaining poliovirus tropism in vivo, and may be related to the origin of receptor substance in tissue culture.