In VivoandIn VitroEffects of Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) Extract and Andrographolide on Hapatic Microsomal Drug Metabolizing Enzymes1

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Abstract
Administration of single doses of kalmegh leaf extract (KE; 0.5 mg/kg and 1.0 g/kg, p.o.) and andrographolide (A; 5.0 mg/kg and 10.0 mg/kg, p.o.) to adult male albino rats (125-150 g b. wt.), both at higher and lower doses characteristically inhibit hepatic microsomal anilinehydroxylase, N-demethylase, and O-demethylase after varying times (4-12 h) of treatment and a kinetic study indicates the nature of inhibition to be non-competitive. Repeated administration of these experimental drugs for 7-30 consecutive days, on the other hand, produces induction of all these enzymes and this type of induction is accompanied by the increase in Vmax but not any appreciable change in their Km value.