Immunosorbent Electron Microscopy for Detecting Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot and Plum Pox Viruses

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Abstract
Plum pox virus (PPV) and apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (CLSV) were detected in extracts of leaves of infected trees by immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM). Attachment of virus particles to antiserum-coated EM grids provided a test as sensitive as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Confirmation of the identity of the bound particles was obtained by coating further with homologous antibody followed by sheep antirabbit Ig, which increase the sensitivity and facilitate the interpretation of the test. These results confirm the usefulness of ISEM for detecting several viruses and indicate its potential as a rapid and reliable alternative to ELISA for the detection of PPV and CLSV.