Gas–liquid chromatography: the separation and identification of the methyl esters of saturated and unsaturated acids from formic acid to n-octadecanoic acid

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Abstract
Separation of micro amounts of methyl esters of saturated fatty acids from C1 to C6 at 78.7[degree] or 100[degree] and of esters of saturated and unsaturated acids from C5 to C18 at 197[degree] was carried out by gas-liquid chromatography. Good separation of normal and iso- or anteisosaturated acids are obtained, and mono- and di-saturated acids can be resolved from the corresponding saturated acids on 4 foot columns. Methods are presented for distinguishing between saturated and unsaturated acids by chromatographic behavior before and after chemical modification. Application of the technique to some natural fats is described, showing the existence of odd-numbered saturated acids, 2 types of branched-chain saturated acids and odd- and even-numbered unsaturated acids from C5 to C19.