Wafer bonding technology and its applications in optoelectronic devices and materials
- 1 June 1997
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
- Vol. 3 (3) , 927-936
- https://doi.org/10.1109/2944.640646
Abstract
The direct wafer bonding process has found broad applications in many critical areas including both commercial and state-of-the-art photonic devices and more recently, formation of semiconductor compliant substrates. Using the wafer bonding technology, we have demonstrated 1.3-/spl mu/m vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with a 1-mA continuous-wave (CW) threshold current and 0.83-mA pulsed threshold current. Superior device performance has also been achieved with photodetectors and micromachined tunable devices. Applying the wafer bonding process in a novel way, we have fabricated compliant universal substrates on which largely mismatched (e.g., 15% mismatch) heteroepitaxial layers can be grown defect free.Keywords
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