Study on external exposure doses from terrestrial radioactivity in Southern Vietnam

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Abstract
This paper presents the radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K for 106 samples of surface soil collected in Southern Vietnam. The mean values of mass activity of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K for Southern Vietnam are 28.6, 50.7 and 292.6 Bq kg−1, respectively, which lead to the population-weighted absorbed dose rate of 54.5 nGy h−1. The average annual effective doses outdoors, indoors and in total of Southern Vietnam are estimated to be 0.067, 0.374 and 0.441 mSv, respectively. The radium equivalent activity and the external hazard index of soil in Southern Vietnam are in the range 23.2–254.1 Bq kg−1 and 0.06–0.69, respectively.