Studies of Bladder Stone Disease in Thailand

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Abstract
Urinary composition in relation to bladder stone disease was studied in 24-hr samples obtained from newborn and infants, 3 days-12 months old, living in villages (hyperendemic area) and Ubol City (hypoendemic area). The study included the determination of urinary calcium, phosphate, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, uric acid, and creatinine. The village urine samples demonstrated strikingly lower phosphate excretion than those from the city. In general, the urinary sodium, potassium, chloride, and total osmolarity were lower in the village samples than the city samples. The 24-hr urine volume excreted by village newborn, 3–15 days old, was about half that of their city counterparts. Forty-three percent of village infants under 45 days old had oxalate crystalluria in freshly voided morning specimens, whereas the condition was seen in none of the city infants.

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